The energy use implications of 5G: Reviewing whole network operational energy, embodied energy, and indirect effects

The energy efficiency and consumption of mobile networks have received increasing attention from academics industry in recent years. This has been provoked by rapid increases data traffic projected further over the next decade. As a result, dramatic improvements are required to ensure that future levels both environmentally economically sustainable. In this context, good deal research focused on technologies strategies can improve 5G more broadly. However, existing reviews field green or sustainable communications topic use implications overlook number issues broader literatures impacts ICTs suggest could be significant. Addressing gap, we conduct literature review examine whole network level assessments operational 5G, embodied associated with indirect effects 5G-driven changes user behaviour patterns production other sectors economy. general, find these their insufficient publicly available studies 5G.